An Introduction to the Cause of Narcolepsy
No one knows the exact cause or causes of
narcolepsy (a condition characterized by brief attacks of deep sleep). Doctors can seldom explain why one person gets narcolepsy and another does not. Research scientists currently believe that the cause of narcolepsy probably involves multiple factors interacting to cause neurological dysfunction and sleep disturbances.
Genetic Influence as a Possible Cause of Narcolepsy
One possible cause of narcolepsy is a variation of certain genes located on chromosome 6. This gene portion, known as HLA complex, has been shown to be associated with narcolepsy. The majority of people diagnosed with narcolepsy have specific variations in these HLA genes. However, many people in the general population without narcolepsy also have these variations. Therefore, scientists believe the altered HLA gene increases an individual's chance of developing narcolepsy, but it is not the only reason a person develops narcolepsy.
Many other genes besides the HLA complex may contribute to the development of narcolepsy.
Other Possible Causes of Narcolepsy
Other factors appear to play important roles in the development of narcolepsy. Some rare cases of narcolepsy are known to result from traumatic injuries to parts of the brain involved in REM sleep or from tumor growth and other disease processes in the same regions.
Some other factors that could have an effect on the development of narcolepsy include:
- Infections
- Exposure to toxins
- Dietary factors
- Stress
- Hormonal changes (such as those occurring during puberty or menopause).
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